중국 '디지털 위안' 도입 서두르나…"적극 연구개발"

중앙은행 하반기 업무회의서 '적극 개발' 기조 천명

인터넷 유출된 중국 시중은행의 법정 디지털 화폐 전자지갑

[신랑재경 캡처. 재판매 및 DB 금지]

(상하이=연합뉴스) 차대운 특파원 = 중국 중앙은행인 인민은행이 법정 디지털 화폐 연구개발에 강한 의지를 내비쳤다.

4일 신랑재경 등에 따르면 인민은행은 전날 화상 방식으로 진행된 하반기 업무 회의 후 낸 성명에서 "적극적, 안정적으로 법정 디지털 화폐 연구개발을 추진하겠다"고 밝혔다.

이날 회의는 중국의 금융 수장이자 인민은행 당서기인 궈수칭(郭樹淸) 은행보험관리감독관리위원회 주석이 주재했다.

인민은행은 지난 1월 열린 상반기 업무 회의에서는 법정 디지털 화폐를 '안정적'으로 연구·개발한다고만 언급했는데 이번 회의에서는 '적극적'이라는 단어가 새로 더해졌다.

인민은행은 하반기 업무 회의에서 "폐쇄식 법정 디지털 화폐 시험이 이미 순조롭게 시작됐다"고 자평했다.

중국은 지난 4월 무렵부터 선전(深천<土+川>), 쑤저우(蘇州), 슝안(雄安)신구, 청두(成都) 등지에서 법정 디지털 화폐 사용 시험을 진행 중이다.

중국은 세계 주요국 중 가장 먼저 법정 디지털 화폐를 정식으로 발행해 사용하는 나라가 될 전망이다.

중국은 이미 디지털 통화 개발을 기본적으로 마친 상태다. 사실상 당·정 차원의 최종 투입 판단만 남은 단계라는 관측에 무게가 실린다.

디지털 위안화는 현금 통화를 뜻하는 본원통화(MO)의 기능 일부를 대체하며, 인민은행이 시중은행과 이동통신사 등 운영기관에 먼저 배분하고 고객은 이들 운영기관을 통해 디지털 화폐를 받아 사용하는 방식으로 운영된다.

외교가에서는 미중 갈등 격화로 중국이 미국 주도의 국제 결제망에서 배제되는 최악의 상황을 고려해 법정 디지털 화폐 도입 속도를 높이려 한다는 분석도 나온다.

디지털 위안화는 우선 국내의 소액 현금 소비를 대체할 예정이지만 중·장기적으로는 무역 결제, 해외 송금 등으로도 용처를 확대할 계획이어서 디지털 위안화가 '달러 제국'에 도전하려는 중국의 새로운 무기가 될 수 있다는 지적도 나온다.

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