"AI 시대, 근로자 재교육·국민 평생교육 이뤄져야"

KISDI 'AI 정책적 대안 탐색' 보고서…"소득 재분배 정책도 필요"

(서울=연합뉴스) 정윤주 기자 = 인공지능(AI) 도입이 확산함에 따라 일자리가 줄어들지 늘어날지에 대해서는 논란이 분분하지만, 전문가들은 한목소리로 AI로 인한 일자리 변화에 대응하기 위해 정부와 기업 차원에서 인력을 재훈련해야 한다고 주장한다.

정보통신정책연구원(KISDI)은 7일 'AI가 일자리에 미치는 영향에 대한 연구 동향 및 정책적 대안 탐색' 보고서에서 AI 노동시장에서는 교육 훈련시스템도 이에 대응하는 방식으로 구축해야 한다고 강조했다.

먼저 정부 차원에서는 근로자가 단순히 자격증을 취득하는 것 외에도 역량을 키울 수 있도록 재교육 프로그램을 시행하고, 국민이 AI 역량을 키울 수 있도록 평생교육의 틀을 마련해야 한다고 주문했다.

기업 차원에서도 기존 인력을 재교육해야 한다고 지적했다. 기업들이 AI 역량을 갖춘 새로운 인재 영입을 선호하지만, 인력을 찾기 어려운 만큼 기존 근로자를 다시 훈련해야 한다는 것이다.

이를 통해 AI를 도입하고 개발하는 AI 연구자, 소프트웨어 개발자, 데이터 과학자 등 'AI 빌더'와 변화관리 전문가, 사용자 경험 설계자 등 'AI 해설가'를 양성해야 한다고 KISDI는 말했다.

국가별 기업 근로자 직무 재훈련 추세

[정보통신정책연구원 제공. 재판매 및 DB 금지]

나아가 이렇게 근로자를 재교육하는 방식을 넘어 기업들이 '일'을 재정의하고 업무 수행 방식을 바꿔야 한다는 주장도 내놓았다.

AI 도입으로 인해 근로자들이 보다 창의적인 일을 할 수 있는 환경을 마련하고, 장기적으로는 근무 자동화로 인해 확보한 시간을 새로운 기회 창출에 활용해야 한다는 뜻이다.

AI로 인해 경제적 불평등이 심화할 가능성이 큰 만큼 자본 과세, 기본소득 등 적극적 재분배 정책이 필요하다는 의견도 피력했다.

보고서를 작성한 이경은 KISDI AI전략센터 부연구위원은 "AI로 인한 노동 대체가 빨라질 경우 포용성 증진과 소득재분배를 위한 조세 제도 개혁 등 정부가 적극적으로 개입하는 방안을 심도 있는 검토할 필요가 있다"고 말했다.

AI (인공지능) (PG)

[장현경 제작. 재판매 및 DB 금지] 일러스트

jungle@yna.co.kr

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