'중동 소국' UAE, 아랍권 첫 화성탐사선 '아말' 발사

탈화석 연료시대 대비 혁신 미래기술에 집중 투자

2117년 화성에 인류 정착촌 건설 100년 계획 추진

20일 아랍에미리트(UAE) 화성탐사선 아말 발사

[AFP=연합뉴스]

(테헤란=연합뉴스) 강훈상 특파원 = 아랍에미리트(UAE)의 화성탐사선 '아말'(희망)이 20일(일본 현지시각) 오전 6시58분 일본 다네가시마(種子島) 우주센터에서 발사됐다.

아말은 일본 미쓰비시중공업의 발사체 'H2A'에 실려 화성을 향한 4억9천350만㎞의 긴 여정을 시작했다.

아말은 시속 12만㎞로 우주 공간을 비행해 내년 2월께 화성 궤도에 진입할 예정이다. 내년은 UAE 건국 50주년이 되는 해이기도 하다.

애초 지난 15일 발사가 예정됐다가 나쁜 날씨 탓에 두차례 연기된 끝에 이날로 발사 날짜가 잡혔다.

아말은 아랍권에서는 첫 번째고 전 세계적으로는 미국, 유럽연합(EU), 러시아, 중국, 인도, 일본에 이어 일곱번째로 발사되는 화성탐사선이다. 이 가운데 미국과 EU가 목적한 궤도에 탐사선을 안착시켰다.

UAE의 우주 진출 프로그램을 총괄하는 무함마드 빈 라시드 우주센터(MBRSC)는 미국 콜로라도대 볼더 캠퍼스 대기우주물리학연구소, 애리조나 주립대, 캘리포니아대 버클리 캠퍼스 등과 협력해 지난 6년간 아말을 개발했다.

아말이 성공적으로 화성 궤도에 안착하면 화성 시간으로 1년(687일)간 55시간마다 한 차례씩 화성을 공전하면서 상 하층부 대기 측정, 화성 표면 관측·촬영 등 과학 임무를 수행한다.

앞서 화성탐사선을 쏜 나라가 위성, 발사체 기술 분야에서 앞선 곳이었다는 점에서 인구 937만명의 중동 '소국' UAE의 이번 발사는 주목받고 있다.

강대국이 독점하는 우주 개발 분야에 과감하게 도전장을 내밀었기 때문이다.

UAE는 석유가 풍부한 산유 부국이지만 여느 나라보다 화석 연료 이후 시대를 대비하는 혁신적인 미래 기술에 집중적으로 투자하는 나라다.

UAE는 군사 분쟁과 빈곤에 지친 아랍권 젊은이에게 꿈을 불어넣겠다면서 장기적인 우주 개발 정책을 추진하고 있다.

MBRSC는 오는 2117년에 화성에 인류가 사는 정착촌을 건설하겠다는 100년 계획 '화성 2117 프로젝트'도 세웠다.

지난해 9월에는 아랍권 최초로 국제우주정거장(ISS)에 우주인 3명을 보냈다.

UAE 정부는 화성 탐사를 포함한 우주 연구에 현재까지 200억 디르함(약 6조6천억원)을 투입했다.

UAE의 화성탐사선 아말의 상상도

[무함마드빈라시드 우주센터 홈페이지. 재판매 및 DB 금지]

hskang@yna.co.kr

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