中 싼샤댐 방류로 연쇄 피해…산사태에 강 막히기도(종합)

후베이성 언스에 산사태로 생긴 언색호 [사진 신화통신]

(선양·베이징=연합뉴스) 차병섭 김윤구 특파원 = 세계 최대 규모인 중국 싼샤(三峽) 댐이 수위 급상승으로 방류를 이어가면서 연쇄적으로 양쯔강 중하류 수위가 상승해 피해가 속출하고 있다.

21일 신화통신과 중국신문망 등 현지 매체에 따르면 후난성 당국은 전날 기자회견에서 20일 오전 8시 기준(현지시간) 601만명이 수해를 입고 34만7천명이 긴급대피했다고 밝혔다.

후난성에서는 대형 담수호인 둥팅후(洞庭湖) 등 63개 지점에서 경계 수위를 초과한 상태다.

신화통신은 후베이성 싼샤댐의 방류량이 많아 둥팅후로 들어가는 유량이 1초당 1만㎥ 이상에 달하며, 이에 따라 둥팅후는 '물이 위에서 누르고 아래에서 올라오는(上壓下頂)' 형세라고 전했다.

둥팅후는 4일부터 경계 수위를 넘었으며 최고 수위가 34.58m로 2000년대 들어 3번째로 높았다. 한때 2천900km에 가까운 제방이 경계 수위를 넘기도 했다.

양쯔강 중하류의 또 다른 대형 담수호 타이후(太湖)의 수위도 17일 오전 안전 운영 수준인 4.65m에 도달했고, 1991년 대홍수 당시의 강우량을 넘어서면서 '전시상태'에 돌입한 상태다.

안후이성은 양쯔강뿐만 아니라 대형하천인 화이허(淮河)가 지나 홍수 방재 압력이 큰데, 안후이성 당국에 따르면 이 지역은 이번 홍수로 19일 오후 5시 기준으로 399만2천명의 이재민이 발생하고 66만여명이 긴급대피했다.

안후이성 내 농작물 피해면적은 4천808㎢, 직접적인 재산피해액은 152억7천만 위안(약 2조6천억원)에 이르고 있다. 안후이성 내에 홍수 통제 한계 수위를 넘은 댐은 637개에 이른다.

안후이성 왕자댐 방류

[중국신문망 캡처. 재판매 및 DB 금지]

안후이성 당국은 집중호우로 강 수위가 급상승하자 방류를 위해 19일 오전 추저우에 있는 창장의 지류인 추허강의 2개 제방을 폭파한 바 있다.

또 화이허 중상류 왕자(王家)댐은 20일 오전 13년 만에 수문을 열었다. 화이허 홍수방제에 중요한 역할을 하는 이 댐이 수문을 연 것은 1953년 완공 후 이번이 16번째다.

한편 후베이성 언스(恩施)에서는 이날 오전 5시30분께 산사태로 창장의 지류인 칭장(淸江) 상류가 막혀 언색호(堰塞湖)가 형성됐다고 신화통신이 보도했다.

언색호는 지진이나 산사태 등으로 하천이 막혀서 생기는 호수다.

이후 칭장 상류의 수위는 5ｍ가량 급상승했다.

현지 지방정부는 언색호가 언제라도 순식간에 터지거나 넘칠 위험이 있다고 보고 인근 주민들을 안전지대로 대피하도록 했다.

북부 황허(黃河)에서도 홍수 우려가 커지고 있다.

당국은 20일 저녁 황허 상류인 서북부 간쑤성 란저우(蘭州)에서의 유량이 1초당 3천㎥를 넘었다면서 올해 들어 두 번째 홍수가 발생했다고 발표했다.

당국은 향후에도 수위가 계속 상승할 것으로 보고, 황허 중상류인 칭하이성·간쑤성·닝샤(寧夏)·네이멍구(內蒙古) 등에 주의를 당부했다.

중국 기상청은 21일 자정부터 22일 오전 8시까지 산시(陝西)·충칭(重慶)·쓰촨·허난·후베이·안후이·장쑤성 등의 일부 지역에서 큰비가 내릴 것으로 예보했다.

특히 허난성 중부 등 일부는 100~160mm의 비가 예보돼 피해가 우려되는 상황이다.

bscha@yna.co.kr

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