심장·뇌부터 피부까지…코로나19, 몸 전체 공격한다

미 컬럼비아대 연구진 "상당한 환자들에서 다발성 장기 손상 일으켜"

(서울=연합뉴스) 신유리 기자 = 신종 코로나바이러스 감염증(코로나19)에 걸리면 심장, 뇌부터 피부까지 신체 전체가 바이러스의 공격에 노출된다는 연구결과가 나왔다.

11일(현지시간) CNN 방송에 따르면 미 컬럼비아대 어빙메디컬센터 연구진은 코로나19 환자들에 대한 자체 및 외부 보고서를 분석한 결과 코로나19가 사실상 인체의 모든 주요 기관을 공격하는 '다발성 장기 손상'을 일으키는 것으로 나타났다.

이들 환자의 상당한 비율에서 코로나19는 장기를 직접적으로 손상하고, 혈전을 유발하며, 심장 박동을 늦추고, 신장에서 혈액과 단백질을 빼내고, 피부에는 발진을 일으켰다.

또 기침을 포함한 호흡기 증상, 발열과 함께 두통, 어지럼증, 근육통, 위통 등 통증도 유발했다.

연구진은 "혈전에 대한 뉴스는 많이 나왔지만 그만큼 중요한 것은 이들 환자 중 상당한 비율이 신장, 심장, 뇌 손상을 겪는다는 점"이라며 "의료진은 호흡기 질환과 함께 이런 증상을 치료할 필요가 있다"고 권고했다.

이 같은 현상의 주원인으로는 코로나19 바이러스가 인체에 침입할 때 사용되는 수용체인 안지오텐신 전환효소2(ACE2)가 지목됐다.

혈관, 신장, 간관(肝管·쓸개즙을 간에서 쓸개로 운반하는 관), 췌장, 소장, 대장, 기도의 세포들은 모두 ACE2로 뒤덮여 있으며, 이것이 코로나19 바이러스가 침투하는 경로가 된다는 것이다.

연구진은 "이는 직접적인 바이러스성 세포 손상으로 인해 다발성 장기 훼손이 일어날 수 있다는 점을 보여준다"면서 "이 바이러스는 특이하며, 인체에 얼마나 많은 징후를 일으키는지 놀라움을 금할 수 없다"고 말했다.

이번 연구 결과는 네이처 메디슨에 실렸다.

신종 코로나바이러스

[미 NIH 국립 알레르기 감염병 연구소 제공]

newglass@yna.co.kr

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